Articles

Over the last decade, the global manufacturing landscape has been undergoing a profound transformation. What began as a gradual recalibration of supply chains has now evolved into a structural shift driven by geopolitical tensions, pandemic-induced disruptions, and growing pressure for supply chain resilience. As multinational corporations rethink their production footprints, Vietnam has emerged as one

I. Introduction: Regulatory Convergence and Divergent Enforcement in Personal Data Protection In recent years, the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has exerted a profound influence on the development of personal data protection legislation worldwide, gradually emerging as a key reference point for regulatory design across multiple jurisdictions. Building on this framework, the European Union

Introduction The Labour laws in India have undergone massive reforms. The laws related to labour were predominantly framed during the British era and required updating.  The Central Government through its notification issued by the Ministry of Labour and Employment, dated 21st November, 2025, announced the implementation of the he Code on Wages, 2019 (“Wage Code“),

As Vietnam moves into 2026, foreign investors continue to view the country as one of Asia’s most promising destinations for long-term capital. The combination of steady economic growth, a competitive labor market, and an increasingly sophisticated industrial ecosystem gives Vietnam a unique edge at a moment when global supply chains are being reshaped. Although challenges

On October 28, 2025, the 18th Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People’s Congress approved the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on Amending the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China. This amendment includes 14 provisions and aims to clarify cybersecurity’s role within the broader context

In recent years, the Italian legislator – particularly following the introduction of the Cartabia Reform (Legislative Decree No. 149/2022) – has strengthened the use of mediation and assisted negotiation as a condition precedent for legal proceedings in various areas of civil law. This regulatory intervention has made the use of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods

The Personal Data Protection Law 2025 (“PDPL 2025”), which takes effect on 1 January 2026, represents a major development in Vietnam’s legal framework for privacy and personal data protection. As businesses become increasingly data-driven, employee information has emerged as one of the most used, and legally sensitive, types of data. Routine categories of information such

With the progressive digitalization of economic activities, companies increasingly operate on an international level, managing personal data flows across multiple jurisdictions.In this article, we focus specifically on data transfers between the European union (EU) and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) – two legal systems, governed respectively by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and

Vietnam is poised for a major leap in its financial and economic development following its reclassification by global index provider FTSE Russell from a frontier market to a secondary emerging market. Scheduled to take effect in September 2026, this upgrade marks a pivotal moment in Vietnam’s integration into global capital markets and is expected to