China

I. Introduction: Regulatory Convergence and Divergent Enforcement in Personal Data Protection In recent years, the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has exerted a profound influence on the development of personal data protection legislation worldwide, gradually emerging as a key reference point for regulatory design across multiple jurisdictions. Building on this framework, the European Union

On October 28, 2025, the 18th Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People’s Congress approved the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on Amending the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China. This amendment includes 14 provisions and aims to clarify cybersecurity’s role within the broader context

With the progressive digitalization of economic activities, companies increasingly operate on an international level, managing personal data flows across multiple jurisdictions.In this article, we focus specifically on data transfers between the European union (EU) and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) – two legal systems, governed respectively by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and

In July 2025, five government authorities, including the Ministry of Commerce, jointly issued the Work Plan to Support Beijing in Piloting the Implementation of the WTO E-Commerce Agreement.[1] This milestone marks a new stage in China’s efforts to align its institutional opening and digital trade rules with international standards. As a core hub for digital

On September 30, 2025, China’s State Council officially issued the Notice on Implementing Domestic Product Standards and Related Policies in Government Procurement (Guobanfa [2025] No. 34, hereinafter referred to as the “Notice“), which clearly outlines major adjustments to the evaluation mechanism for domestic products in government procurement. The policy takes effect on January 1, 2026, and its

On September 1, 2025, the highly anticipated Interpretation (II) of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Labor Dispute Cases (hereinafter referred to as “Interpretation (II)”) officially came into effect. Among its provisions, Article 19, with its distinctive position and clear legal consequences, has aroused widespread

In the context of Merger & Acquisition (M&A) transactions, it is common to encounter clauses such as “Lock-Up Period,” “Tag Along,” and “Drag Along,” which are essential for understanding the dynamics that unfold in post-acquisition management. These contractual tools are widely used by investors to protect the value and stability of the assets involved, with

The recent WTO arbitration decision on the China-EU dispute over anti-suit injunctions (ASIs) in standard essential patent (SEP) cases has drawn significant attention in international trade and intellectual property circles. This article examines the full trajectory of case DS611, analyzing the arbitration panel’s key determinations, the legal reasoning behind the judgment, and the potential ramifications

On July 23, 2025, the Indian Embassy in Beijing officially announced that India will resume issuing tourist visas to Chinese citizens starting July 24, 2025, following a hiatus of five years. The reopening of visas shall promote cultural diplomacy and people-to-people contact and mutual exchanges between the two countries. Considered as a “Positive Move”, the resumption indicates